24th Pacific Science Congress (PSC-24)

Near-surface wind speed (NSWS) plays a crucial role in influencing East Asian natural environment, yet its interannual variability remain unclear. This study investigates the relationship between different types of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and East Asian NSWS variability during the boreal winter, using multiple reanalysis datasets and CMIP6 outputs. The results indicate that ENSO events can exert significant impacts on East Asian NSWS by regulating atmospheric circulation over the Western Pacific. During El Niño years, high-pressure anomalies occur over the western Pacific, weakening sea level pressure gradient along the East Asian coastal regions, leading to decreased NSWS. By comparison, the EP-type El Niño produce more widespread high-pressure anomalies over the oceans than the CP-type El Niño, resulting in a stronger and more extensive reduction in NSWS. Conversely, multi-year La Niña tend to induce low-pressure anomalies over broader areas over the Western Pacific compared to single-year La Niña, intensifying the surface pressure gradient along East Asian coasts. Consequently, multi-year La Niña strengthen NSWS across the entire East Asian coastal regions and the offshore seas, whereas single-year La Niña primarily enhance NSWS over the adjacent oceans. Although CMIP6 models successfully reproduce ENSO-related NSWS anomalies over the South China Sea and southern China, they fail to simulate NSWS anomalies at higher latitudes and in inland regions of China. This discrepancy is primarily attributed to models' inability to accurately capture the locations of high-pressure anomalies over the Western Pacific.

Near surface wind speed, Winter, ENSO events, East Asian