The Xiamen Symposium on Marine Environmental Sciences (XMAS 2025)

Turbulent mixing is the primary physical process for the exchange of materials, heat, momentum, and energy in the ocean and is a major factor in maintaining the overturning circulation. There are many ways to enhance ocean mixing, one of which is through oceanic eddies. However, sparse in-situ observations cannot accurately describe the structural characteristics of eddies and their contribution to turbulent mixing in the Bering Sea. In this study, we observed numerous subsurface eddies in the deep-sea region of the Bering Sea using high-resolution seismic images. These anticyclonic eddies are primarily oval-shaped or bowl-shaped, with horizontal scales of 7-65 km. Most of them develop in waters shallower than 250 m, with only a few found below 300 m. Submesoscale filaments are observed on the flanks of these eddies, some of which extend downward from the eddy sides, appearing as inclined filamentous reflections. Using seismic data, we estimated diapycnal mixing and obtained spatial distribution. The results reveal that the diffusivity at the edges of eddies is significantly higher than that of the surrounding seawater, particularly at the sides and upper edges of eddies, reaching up to 10^-3 m²s^-1. The enhanced diapycnal mixing may be related to submesoscale processes generated during eddy stirring and shear instability caused by eddy-induced velocities. Turbulent mixing induced by eddies promotes the vertical transport of heat, nutrients, and other substances in the ocean, thereby might increase primary productivity in the Bering Sea and having significant impacts on the marine environment and ecosystem.

Diapycnal Mixing,Subsurface Eddies,Bering Sea,Seismic Oceanography