The Xiamen Symposium on Marine Environmental Sciences (XMAS 2025)

The Ningaloo Niño refers to the evident interannual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies in the southeast Indian Ocean (SEIO), which can be caused by the Paci c La Niña. Through performing atmospheric general circulation model experiments, this study shows that the Ningaloo Niño can also actively impact on the tropical Paci c. The sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the Ningaloo Niño induces negative sea level pressure anomalies extending from the SEIO to the Maritime Continent, strengthens western Paci c trade winds, and thus cools the central tropical Paci c. In turn, the central Paci c cooling anomalies generate cyclonic wind anomalies over the SEIO, and the strengthened trades enhance the Indonesian through ow, with both enhancing the Ningaloo Niño. As such, a positive feedback loop associated with an interbasin coupling mechanism is proposed, which acts to amplify the Ningaloo Niño and its subsequent impact on the tropical Paci c

Warm Pool; Interbasin coupling